Diagnosing diabetes

Diabetes

• Fasting plasma glucose 7.0 mmol/L or above
• Random plasma glucose 11.1 mmol/L or above in symptomatic patients
• OGTT with plasma glucose 11.1 mmol/L or above in the 2-hour sample

Borderline state of impaired glucose homeostasis

• Impaired fasting glucose (IFG): fasting plasma glucose 6.1 mmol/L or above
• Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT): OGTT with plasma glucose 7.8-11.1 mmol/L in the 2-hour sample

Classification of diabetes

• Type 1 diabetes
  • Immune-mediated
  • Idiopathic
• Type 2 diabetes

Who should be tested and when

• Routine screening for all adults over 45
• Obese patients >20% above ideal weight
• Patients with first degree relatives with diabetes
• High risk ethnic groups
• Patients who have had gestational diabetes
• Patients who have had high birth weight babies >9lbs
• Hypertensive patients
• Patients with hyperlipidaemia
• Previous IFG or IGT

Bradley Cheek 1999