McNEILL, Sir JOHN CARSTAIRS (1831 - 1904), major-general
The centenary of the death of the last McNeill laird is at hand and any snippets of information will be very welcome. The following account is from the "Dictionary of National Biography" and provides an interesting, if selective, basis for further study. It is hoped that the funeral will be covered in our next issue and meantime one wonders if any reader would be prepared to research probate of his will? If so, please advise the Editor, to avoid duplication of effort. Details of the disposal of the estate will also be of interest, not least in fixing the exact date of entry of Lord Strathcona.
Born at Colonsay House on 29 March 1831, he was eldest son in a family of four sons of Capt. Alexander McNeill (1791 - 1850) of the islands of Colonsay and Oronsay in the Hebrides, by his wife Anne Elizabeth, daughter of John Carstairs of Stratford Green, Essex and Warboys, Huntingdonshire.
After education at the university of St. Andrews and at Addiscombe, he entered the army on 9 Dec. 1850 as ensign in the 12th Bengal native infantry. He was promoted lieutenant on 30 Aug. 1855. During the Indian Mutiny, 1857 - 8, McNeill won distinction as aide-de-camp to Sir Edward Lugard during the siege and capture of Lucknow. He took part in the engagement at Jaunpur, in the relief of Azimghur, and in various operations at Jugdespur, and received the medal with clasp and brevet of major.
He became captain on 31 Aug. 1860 and major on 8 Oct. 1861, and in the latter year, being transferred to the 107th foot, he proceeded to New Zealand as aide-de-camp to General Sir Duncan Alexander Cameron. He served there till 1865, engaging in the Maori war of 1864. He was present at the engagements on the Katikara river, the Kalroa, Rangiriri, the Gate Pah, and various other encounters with the Maori. During the war he won the Victoria Cross for an act of gallantry on 30 March 1864, when he was threatened, while engaged in carrying despatches, by a force of the enemy, and managed to effect the escape of both himself and a private, who was in imminent peril of his life. McNeill also received the medal and the brevet of lieut.-colonel.
From 1869 to 1872 McNeill was military secretary to Sir John Young, Lord Lisgar, governor-general of Canada, and was on the staff of the Red River expedition in Canada under Sir Garnet (afterwards Viscount) Wolseley in 1870. He became colonel on 25 April 1872, and for his services on this expedition he was nominated C.M.G. on 2 Dec. 1876.
As chief of staff in the Ashanti war of 1873 - 4 he showed daring, determination, and a first-rate capacity for organisation, and was so severely wounded in the wrist at the destruction of Essaman that he had eventually to be sent home. He was awarded the medal and was made C.B. on 31 March 1874.
By Queen Victoria's command he accompanied Prince Leopold (afterwards Duke of Albany) to Canada, and on his return was appointed K.C.M.G. on 17 Aug. 1880. In 1882 he was promoted major-general, and served in the Egyptian campaign on the staff of the duke of Connaught. He received the medal, bronze star, and the 2nd class Medjidie, and was nominated K.C.B. on 24 Nov. 1882.
In the Soudan campaign of 1885 he commanded the second infantry brigade. On 20 March he took part in the action at Hashin, where his force stormed Dihilibat hill. On 22 March a force under McNeill started from Suakin for Tamai to escort a convoy of camels with supplies. A halt was made half-way at Tofrik, and while a zeriba was being formed, the enemy attacked in force. After severe fighting, the Arabs were repulsed with loss. Sir Gerald Graham, who had started out to McNeill's assistance, soon returned on hearing that reiforcements were not required. Graham deprecated the sharp criticism to which McNeill's conduct was subjected on the ground of lack of caution. For his services in the campaign he received two clasps. He retired from the service in 1890. Inheriting the family estates in the Hebrides, McNeill was made J.P., and D.L. for Argyllshire in 1874.
He became an equerry to Queen Victoria and A.D.C. to George, duke of Cambridge. In 1898 he was appointed king at arms to the Order of the Bath, and, on the accession of Edward VII, G.C.V.O. on 2 Feb. 1901. Of foreign orders he held the first class of the Red Eagle and of the order of the Crown of Prussia. His love of sport made him a favourite with the royal family. He died unmarried, on 25 May 1904, at St. James's Palace, London, and was buried at Oronsay Priory, Argyllshire.
SALUTE SYMINGTON GRIEVE
As promised, Mr. Herbert Butcher has provided some very interesting information. The published obituary was as follows:
"The death has occurred [1932] at his residence, 11 Laudor road, Edinburgh, of Mr. Symington Grieve, who was well-known in Scottish archaeological and antiquarian circles.
Mr. Grieve, was was in his 83rd year, carried on business for many years as a wine merchant at 12 York Place Edinburgh, in partnership with his brother, Mr Somerville Grieve, who died on the 19th of last month. At the time of his death, Mr. Symington Grieve was the oldest member of the Edinburgh Merchant Company, which he joined in 1883, and of which he was a past Assistant. He was chairman of the Edinburgh Trade Protection Society and a member of the Edinburgh Chamber of Commerce, and was for many years connected with grange Parish Church, of which he was a trustee.
A man of wide and varied interests, Mr. Grieve had travelled extensively all over the world. He was a keen antiquarian and an enthusiastic naturalist and archaeologist. He was vice-president of the Edinburgh Botanical Society, an ex-president of the Edinburgh Field Naturalists' and Microscopical Society, a Fellow of the Royal Physical Society and of the Scottish Antiquarian Society. Only this week his name appeared in the list of nominations to membership of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. He carried out extensive researches in botany and archaeology, particularly in the Western Highlands and Islands, and was the first to draw attention to azilian [mesolithic] remains in this country. His publications included "The Great Auk", on which he was recognised as a leading authority; "Notes upon the Island of Dominica", and "The Book of Colonsay and Oronsay", which embodies the result of forty-five years' research in the Celtic history and folklore of these islands. He also contributed many scientific papers to the transaction of the Societies of which he was a member, his most recent being "Researches on the Floating Power of Seaweed", a subject which he was long encouraged to pursue by Charles Darwin.
Mr. Grieve is survived by his wife and three daughters".
It is interesting to learn that Charles Darwin encouraged him in his study of seaweed, which was based upon observations in the strand between Colonsay and Oronsay. In a nutshell, Grieve's findings hinted at a possible explanation for the phenomenon now known as "continental drift" and was as bold as it was imaginative. Following Darwin, he was prepared to recognise time scales in creation which flew in the face of conventional biblical belief. Pauline Campbell has a copy of the paper which he published and it makes fascinating reading. His work upon the Great Auk is now highly prized - the last copy seen on offer locally sold for £350.
WHERE THE DUFFY FAMILY STARTED?
Whilst we await DNA confirmation, some readers might like to be reminded of a traditional account of the way in which we we are all connected. The following information has been taken from O'Hart's 2 volume work on Irish Pedigrees. Even in facsimile, it is quite an expensive work, but it is available in CD format for just US $37 - contact The Editor for further details.
The first extract is just for general interest and covers material which will be familiar to everyone in Argyll; the second extract is rather more specific and indicates (under # 10) the origin of the O'Duffy family in the rich plains of Leinster. It will be noted that they are accorded descent from Cahir Mór, whose "testament" is an important literary source. Timna Cathair Mair is probably an eighth century document but will have a much earlier root in the oral tradition; interested persons should obtain "Irish Kings and High Kings" by Francis J. Byrne, Four Courts Press (easily available from Amazon) for an academic study of these early figures. Less readily available sources claim that Cathair became king of Leinster in 173 A.D., but was slain in 177 by Con-Ced Cathach ("Conn of the hundred battles") at Magh Agha. He had four wives and thirty sons, ten of whom left descendants. The link between the two extracts lies in the tradition that a branch of the O'Duffy family later settled in the territory of The O'Cahan, and that a scion of that family moved to Colonsay when Angus Mor gained prestige for his family by marriage to a daughter of O'Cahan.
"THE chiefs and clans in Dalriada were as follows:--The O'Cahans, and MacQuillan, who held the territory of the Routes, and had their chief seat at Dunluce. The MacDonnells of the Hebrides invaded, A.D. 1211, the territories of Antrim and Derry, where they afterwards made settlements. In the reign of Elizabeth, Somhairle Buidhe MacDonnell or "Sorley Boy," as he was called by English writers,-- a chief from the Hebrides, descended from the ancient Irish of the race of Clan Colla, came with his forces and took possession of the Glynns. After many long and fierce battles with the MacQuillans, the MacDonnells made themselves masters of the country, and dispossessed the MacQuillans. Dubourdieu, in his "Survey of Antrim" says:-- "A lineal descendant of the chief MacQuillan lives on the road between Belfast and Carrickfergus, near the Silver Stream, and probably enjoys more happiness as a respectable farmer, than his ancestor did as a prince in those turbulent times." The MacDonnells were created earls of Antrim. The O'Haras, a branch of the great family of O'Hara in the county Sligo, also settled in Antrim; and several families of the O'Neills. The other clans in this territory were the O'Siadhails or Shiels; the O'Quinns, O'Furries, MacAllisters, MacGees or Magees, etc.
[Note} " Dalriada: This ancient territory comprised the remaining portion of the county Antrim, not mentioned under Ulidia in the last chapter, together with a small part of the present county Derry: Dunboe, now the parish of Dunboe, in the barony of Coleraine, county Derry, was (according to the Four Masters) in ancient Dalriada. As elsewhere mentioned, this territory was named after Cairbre Riada, son of Conaire (or Conary) the Second, Monarch of Ireland, in the second century. Dalriada is connected with some of the earliest events in Irish history. In this district, according to our old Annalists, the battle of Murbolg was fought between the Nemedians and Fomorians, two of the earliest colonies who came to Ireland; and here Sobairce, Monarch of Ireland, of the race of Ir, long before the Christian era, erected a fortress in which he resided; which, after him, was called Dunsobairce or the Fortress of Sobairce, now "Dunseverick," which is situated on a bold rock projecting into the sea near the Giant's Causeway. And it is mentioned by the Four Masters that at this fortress of Dunseverick, Roitheachtach, No. 47, page 353, was killed by lightning. In after times, the chief O'Cathain had his castle at Dunseverick the ruins of which still remain. Dalriada was divided into two large districts: 1st, "The Glynns" (so called from its consisting of several large glens), which extended from Older-fleet or Larne to the vicinity of Ballycastle, along the sea-shore; and contained the barony of Glenarm, and part of Carey; 2nd, "The Routes," called Reuta or Ruta, which comprehended the baronies of Dunluce and Kilconway. --CONNELLAN
"THE following accounts of the ancient chiefs of the territories now forming the counties of Dublin and Kildare, together with some of the princes and chiefs of Meath (of whom a full account has not been given in the Chapter on "Meath", have been collected from the Topographies of O'Dugan, O'Heerin, the Annals of the Four Masters, O'Brien, O'Halloran, MacGeoghegan, Ware, O'Flaherty, Charles O'Connor, Seward, and various other sources.
As already mentioned, O'Connor, princes of Offaley; O'Moore, princes of Leix; O'Dempsey, lords of Clanmaliere, all possessed parts of Kildare. The O'Tooles, princes of Imaile, in Wicklow, also possessed some of the southern parts of Kildare; and the O'Tooles, together with the O'Byrnes, extended their power over the southern parts of Dublin, comprising the districts in the Dublin mountains.
1. MacFogarty, lords of South Bregia, are mentioned by the Four Masters in the tenth century.
2. O'Clardha or O'Carey, chiefs of Cairbre O'Ciardha, now the barony of "Carbery" in the county Kildare.
3. O'Murcain or O'Murcan.
4. O'Bracain or O'Bracken, chiefs of Moy Liffey. The O'Murcans and O'Brackens appear to have possessed the districts along the Liffey, near Dublin.
5. O'Gealbhroin, chiefs of Clar Liffé, or the Plain of the Liffey, a territory on the borders of Dublin and Kildare.
6. O'Fiachra, chiefs of Hy-Ineachruis at Almhuin [Allen]; and O'Haodha or O'Hea, chiefs of Hy-Deadhaidh: territories comprised in the county Kildare.
7. O'Muirthe or O'Murtha, chiefs of Cineal Flaitheamhuin (or Clan Fleming); and O'Fintighearan, chiefs of Hy-Mealla: territories also situated in the county Kildare, it would appear in the baronies of East and West Ophaley or Offaley.
8. O'Cullin or O'Cullen, chiefs of Coille Culluin (or the Woods of Cullen), now the barony of "Kilcullen" in the county Kildare.
9. O'Colgan, MacDonnell, O'Dempsey, and O'Dunn, were all chiefs of note in Kildare.
10. O'Dubthaigh or O'Duffy, one of the Leinster clans of the race of the Monarch Cahir Mór; and of the same descent as MacMorough, kings of Leinster, and O'Toole and O'Byrne, chiefs of Wicklow. Originally located in Kildare and Carlow, and afterwards in Dublin and Meath, the O'Duffys migrated in modern times to Louth, Monaghan, Cavan, Galway, and Roscommon.
11. O'Fagan or MacFagan are considered by some to be of English descent. D'Alton, in his "History of the County Dublin," mentions some of this family who, in the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries were high sheriffs, in Meath and Dublin. In former times the Fagans of Feltrim, near Dublin, and other parts of that county, were highly respectable, and held extensive possessions.
12. O'Murphy, chiefs in Wexford, were also numerous in the counties of Dublin and Meath.
13. O'Mullen, numerous in Meath, Dublin, and Kildare.
14. MacGiolla-mocholmog or Gilcolm, and O'Dunchada or O'Donoghoe, are mentioned by O'Dugan as lords of Fingal, near Dublin: and, as mentioned in the chapter on "Hy-Kinsellagh," there was another MacGiollamocholmog, lord of a territory on the borders of Wicklow.
15. O'Muircheartaigh, O'Moriarty, or O'Murtagh, chiefs of the tribe of O'Maine; and O'Modarn, chiefs of Cineal Eochain, are mentioned by O'Dugan as chiefs of the Britons or Welsh; and appear to have been located near Dublin.
16. MacMuireagain, lords of East Liffey, in the tenth century.