Musa rubra

Musa rubra Firminger non N. Wallich
Musa rubra N. Wallich ex W. S. Kurz
Musa rubra N. Wallich ex C. A. B. Backer

Musa rubra Firminger non N. Wallich ex
J. G. Baker, Ann. Bot. 7 : 213 (1893).

Accepted name probably Musa (AAA group).
Synonyms  
Authorities  
Section  
Distribution  
Description Pseudostem red.  Petiole and midrib red.  Fruit about 15 cm. long, dark red, yellowish red when ripe, flowers red.

(RHS 1956).

References Baker 1893 : 213, RHS 1956.
Comments Quoted in RHS 1956 as a 'variety' of Musa paradisiaca subsp. sapientum that had previously been described as a species.  But follow link to Musa sapientum L. var. rubra.


Musa rubra
N. Wallich ex W. S. Kurz, J. Agric. Hort. Soc. India 14: 301 (1876).

Accepted name Musa rubra N. Wallich ex W. S. Kurz, J. Agric. Hort. Soc. India 14: 301 (1876).
Synonyms  
Authorities Cheesman 1947b, Icon. Corm. Sinicorum.
Section Musa (ex Rhodochlamys)
Distribution

India, China, Myanmar, Thailand

Description Rhizome tuberous.  Pseudostems dark purple, 1.5 - 2.4 m.  Petiole purple spotted, deep purple at base, purple-red at margin, to 1 m., slender, margin narrow, open ca. 1.5cm. wide ; leaf blade adaxially deep green, abaxially yellow-green, ovate-oblong, ca. 2 m. x 50 cm., midvein pink striped, base obliquely asymmetric, apex obtuse.  Inflorescence erect, ca. 40 x 2.5 - 4 cm. ; rachis brown villous.  Bracts pink, lanceolate.   Flowers 5 or 6 per bract, in 1 row.  Compound tepal golden yellow, apex of outer lobes with a hook-like appendage ; free tepal yellow, much shorter than compound tepal, membranous.  Infructescence erect, often with 6 - 9 fruit clusters.   Berries 5 or 6 per cluster, reddish, cylindric, slightly curved, ca. 7 x 2.5 - 3 cm., base attenuate, apex truncate.  Seeds numerous, brownish, depressed, ca. 5 mm. in diam., irregularly angled, tuberculate.  2n = 22.

(Wu & Kress 2000).

Habit of M. coccinea.   Leaves oblong-lanceolate, 1½ - 2 ft. long, 6 - 9 in. broad at the middle, acute, deltoid at the base ; petiole slender, a foot long.  Peduncle and panicle erect, the latter at first dense, the fruiting part finally ½ - 1 ft. long ; nodes very numerous and crowded ; bracts bright red, glabrous ; lower sterile, lanceolate, a foot long ; upper oblong, 3 - 4 in. long.  Calyx yellow, an inch long, 5-toothed at the tip ; petal lanceolate, half as long as the calyx.  Fruits in 3 - 4 clusters of 3 - 4 each, cylindrical, glabrous, dry, 1½ - 2 in. long, ½ in. diam., narrowed to the base in a distinct short stipe.  Seeds smooth, dull brown,
1/6
in. diam. [ ] Differs from M. coccinea by its short petal.

(Baker 1893).

Habit : Similar to M. coccinea of section Callimusa.  Leaves : Green, oblong to lanceolate.  Peduncle : Erect, 5 - 10 cm long.  Bunch : Erect, 20 - 25 cm long, 3 - 4 hands.  Male axis : Erect, 30 - 35 cm long, predominant (sic) bract scars.   Male bud : Bright red or crimson red in colour, smooth, lanceolate.  Compound tepal : Yellow, 2.0 - 2.5 cm long, 3 + 2, lobes are yellow.  Free tepal : Lanceolate, opaque white, half the length as that of compund tepal.  Fruit : 3 - 4 fingers per hand, 3 - 4 cm long, smooth, tapering towards the base, tip is short but distinct.   Seeds : Smooth and brown.  This species differs from M. coccinea by its short free tepal.

(Singh et al 2001).

The description of Singh et al is obviously based on that of Baker but it is not easy to reconcile those descriptions with that of Wu & Kress!

References Baker 1893 : 221, Cheesman 1947b : 110, Fawcett 1913 : 271, Häkkinen & Sharrock 2001, Hore et al 1992, Icon. Corm. Sinicorum : 581, Kurz 1867 : 301, Kurz 1877 : 162, Li 1978 : 16, RHS 1956, Mobot FoC, Mobot TropicosSingh et al 2001Simmonds 1962 : 64, Wu & Kress 2000.
Comments Inhabits shaded and moist ravine bottoms or semimarshland at 1,000 - 1,300 m. in S. W. Yunnan according to Wu & Kress.

Simmonds 1962 opines that "(the mysterious) Musa rubra [ ] is allied to (and may even be identical with) M. laterita" although neither of the above descriptions mention that M. rubra has long, running rhizomes that are such a characteristic of M. laterita.  The illustration of Musa rubra in Curtis's Botanical Magazine of 1895 shows it to be remarkably similar to Musa laterita and does in fact suggest that M. rubra does have long, running rhizomes.  There is a photograph supposedly of this species at the Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore in Häkkinen & Sharrock 2001.

I do understand how anyone could think that the plant illustrated in BM was "similar" to M. coccinea.


Introduced into U.K. horticulture around 1896 but no longer offered commercially and probably not extant.  (B. M. 7451)


Musa rubra
N. Wallich ex C. A. B. Backer

Accepted name Musa acuminata subsp. malaccensis (H. N. Ridley) N. W. Simmonds
Synonyms  
Authorities The accepted name from Hotta 1989.
Section  
Distribution  
Description  
References Hotta 1989.
Comments  


 


last revision 16 January 2004