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[biodiversity] [bursty] [caprice] [diffusion] [dissemination] [ecology, ecosystem] [evolution] [hedonic] [hybrid] [pleasure] [value] [vitality]


Biodiversity

The multiplicity of available solutions to a given problem or requirement. For example, an office may run some of its computers using Windows NT and some using Linux.

Biodiversity is often regarded as a cause of dissatisfaction in its own right, and IT directors may dream of imposing a software monoculture across their organizations. There are many costs associated with biodiversity, but there are also some potential benefits.
 
evolution - richer basis for adaptation and innovation
requisite variety - enhanced ability to respond to the complexity in the environment
technical robustness (especially in the face of software viruses targeted at a particular platform)
commercial robustness (as protection against vendor monopoly)
 

Veryard Project Papers Biodiversity as ecological principle of componentry

(in component ecosystems the context for CBD)

Internet Links Academic Press Encyclopedia of Biodiversity


Bursty

Subject to irregular peaks and troughs of excitement and energy.  Used in telecoms and network services, where patterns of usage typically display sudden bursts of demand and resource utilization.

Burstiness is affected by granularity.  One tactic for dealing with burstiness is to aggregate a lot of independent bursty components - to achieve a statistical smoothness.


Caprice

The word ‘caprice’ is used by Bateson to describe the tricks of Nature. It applies to the competitive environment of commercial enterprises, as well as other classes of system discussed on this website. An enterprise is ‘encouraged’ to rely on some characteristic of the competitive environment, and then the rules of the game are changed. For example, as the result of some unanticipated political activity by a competitor. This is ‘not fair’.

Gregory Bateson, 'The New Conceptual Frames for Behavioural Research' Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Psychiatric Institute (Princeton NJ: New Jersey Neuro-Psychiatric Institute, September 17, 1958) reprinted in G. Bateson, A Sacred Unity: Further Steps to an Ecology of Mind (edited R.E. Donaldson, New York: Harper Collins, 1991) pp 93-110 

Veryard Project Papers The Nature and Nurture of Flexibility


Diffusion / Dissemination

The spread of ideas, information, knowledge and/or technology across a landscape.

The word ‘dissemination’ originally refers to the process by which a plant spreads its seeds.  Some plants launch their seeds into the wind or pop them into the air, others use animals or birds to carry their seeds great distances.  Some seeds fall on stony ground, some seeds lie dormant in dry sands for many seasons until the rains come.

Similarly, some seeds may be tossed around by the random winds of the Internet, while others may be safely carried to fertile ground.  The source of the seed cannot know - but may try to influence - how and when and where and by whom and for what purpose the seed may be used.

In the literature, there are two largely separate fields of diffusion theory.  Security specialists study the diffusion of components that represent security threats –software viruses and worms, among other things.  Meanwhile, diffusion theorists mostly study the diffusion of “respectable” and “well-behaved” technologies.
  

Veryard Project Papers The Diffusions of Components (pdf)

This paper takes an ecological perspective on diffusion factors within the software component market.  It analyses the characteristics of software components that are favourable to diffusion, and poses a radical critique of traditional notions of software requirements and software quality.  It also suggests a strategic view of software components and other technological artefacts as evolutionary envelopes rather than fixed collections of properties.

Information Leakage (html)

Internet Links Diffusion (Tom McMaster)

Innovation and Diffusion Theory Studies (Tor Larsen)

Information Diffusion Literature (Roger Clarke)


Ecology, Ecosystem

An ecosystem is a relatively closed environment or space containing multiple populations.  A field of interaction in which entities compete for survival.

Ecology is the study of these ecosystems, and the patterns of behaviour that can be found in them.

Typically, an ecosystem will display emergent properties.  That is to say, the behaviour of the whole is more than the sum of its parts.

For example, in biology, we can predict the outcome of an encounter between a fox and a rabbit.  The rabbit has x% chance of escaping unhurt, and y% chance of getting eaten.

An ecologist wants to go further than this, to understand what happens when lots of foxes meet lots of rabbits, and how this develops over time (for example, as the fox and rabbit populations increase or decrease).

Similar modes of reasoning are relevant in other domains, including economics, business and software.
  

Veryard Project Papers component ecosystems the context for CBD


Evolution

Software and business are two different life-forms, often found yoked together in a quasi-symbiotic relationship. In this context, it seems to make sense to talk about co-evolution - both software and business are changing (evolving) over time, and these changes are somehow linked, with causal influences in both directions.

When engineers talk about the evolution of engineered systems, they may mean several different things.

These differences reveal different notions of what exactly is supposed to be evolving.

Use of the term evolution invites comparison with biological evolution.
  

Veryard Project Papers Evolution Notes

Internet - Evolution or Revolution?


Hedonic

Economists struggle to measure productivity and innovation in domains where there are rapid prices moves – and this is particularly relevant for information technology.  What is the net contribution of IT to the world economy – does it really drive economic growth (as some of its proponents claim), or is it merely a useful sink for spare resources (as some cynics suggest)?

One method for adjusting economic data to take account of rapid price movements is the hedonic pricing model.  This relates to the pleasure or utility afforded by a given device.

Although hedonic value is sometimes contrasted with utility, we prefer to deploy a unified notion of value that includes all relevant quality factors.

Hedonics can also be used to make sense of change management and adaptation. Hedonic adaptation refers to the way that adaptation influences - and is influenced by - the contours of pleasure in the system. This is the basis for an innovative approach to change management and technology change management, which is being pioneered by Veryard Projects

Veryard Project Papers Hedonic Pricing

Technology Change Management


Hybrid

Something that yokes together disparate concepts and constructs.

The inventor and former Patent Office Examiner Arthur Pedrick is regarded with awe in the patent profession for his extraordinary skill at drafting strange patents. Patent law is designed to prevent silly patents being granted, but it didn't stop Pedrick. My father, who was a patent agent, took great delight in a device that combined the functions of nuclear fall-out detector and catflap, apparently invented by Pedrick's cat Ginger.
  

Veryard Project Papers CBSE as hybrid
Internet Links http://www.patent.freeserve.co.uk/pedrick.html


Pleasure

A state of arousal, involving excitement, stress and highly focused attention.  The distribution of excitement, energy and attention.

The Pleasure Principle refers to a good balance between attention (excitement) and inattention (statis).
  

Veryard Project Papers The Pleasure Principle the distribution of excitement and energy in business organizations and technology


Value

A judgement of absolute or relative worth or preference, belonging to a stakeholder or to a community of stakeholders.

Can sometimes (but not always) be expressed in monetary terms, or as a partial ordering.


Vitality

Survival. An ongoing transformation of energy into value.


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